Prefabricated substation (los yog yooj yim prefabricated substation) yog compact, tiav fais fab faib chav tsev uas ua ke siab -voltage switchgear, tis transformers, low-voltage switchgear, fais fab metering khoom, thiab reactive fais fab them nyiaj pab kiag li lawm rau hauv ib los yog ntau enclosures raws li ib tug tshwj xeeb wiring scheme. Nws yog tsim rau 10/0.4kV peb-theem AC systems, siv rau kev xa hluav taws xob thiab kev xa tawm.
Piv rau European-style prefabricated substations ntawm tib lub peev xwm, American-style prefabricated substations muaj ib tug ntau rational qauv. Vim tias European -style prefabricated substations tsev lub transformer thiab zoo tib yam high -voltage hluav taws xob khoom nyob rau hauv tib lub hlau enclosure, transformer kub yog heev, ua rau kub dissipation nyuaj thiab cuam tshuam cov zis. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv lub siab zoo tib yam -voltage load switches, fuses, thiab low-voltage switchgear nyob rau hauv lub enclosure ua rau ib tug loj loj rau European-style prefabricated substations. American{10}}style prefabricated substations txawv raws li European{11}}style substations. Hais txog kev teeb tsa, lawv qhov qis-voltage compartment, transformer compartment, thiab high{14}}voltage compartment tsis tau teem rau hauv U-zoo li, tab sis yog ib qho kev npaj peb sab. Structurally, no prefabricated substation yog muab faib mus rau hauv pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab seem. Sab hauv pem hauv ntej muaj qhov siab thiab tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob ua haujlwm bays, suav nrog cov hluav taws xob siab thiab tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, thauj khoom hloov chaw ua haujlwm, tsis muaj -load kais hloov pauv, ntsaws- hauv fuses, thiab roj qib ntsuas. Sab nraub qaum tsev muaj cov roj tank thiab lub dab dej kub, qhov twg cov transformer windings, core, high -voltage load switch, thiab fuses.
Roj-cov hlau oxide surge arresters kuj tseem siv tau. Lub transformer tshem tawm cov roj conservator, siv lub kaw roj tank tsim raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj tsis tu ncua - huab cua sib txawv. Cov roj tank thiab lub dab dej kub yog raug rau huab cua, tshem tawm cov teeb meem kub ntxhov. Moulded case Circuit Breakers yog siv los ua ob lub ntsiab thiab tawm Circuit Court breakers rau qis -voltage circuit breakers. Vim cov qauv yooj yim, cov hneev taw thiab ntim ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm prefabricated no tau txo qis. Vim nws qhov me me thiab qhov tseeb tias nws tsuas qhib rau ntawm ib sab, nws qhov chaw hauv pem teb yuav tsum tsuas yog 1/4 ntawm European-style prefabricated substation, thiab nws qhov ntim tsuas yog 1/5 txog 1/3 ntawm European-style prefabricated substation ntawm tib lub peev xwm. American-style prefabricated substations siv fuses rau siab-voltage tiv thaiv thiab molded case automatic circuit breakers (MCCBs) rau qis-voltage tiv thaiv, zoo ib yam li cov kev tiv thaiv siv nyob rau hauv Suav 10kV tis transformers. High-voltage fuses tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv hauv qhov tsis raug, thaum MCCBs tiv thaiv overcurrent, luv-circuit, thiab undervoltage faults ntawm qis-voltage sab. Txawm li cas los xij, American-style prefabricated substations muaj ob peb qhov tsis zoo. Vim tias qhov hloov pauv hloov mus rau hauv cov roj, cov roj yog carbonized thiab decomposed los ntawm hluav taws xob arcs, tsim cov pa phem xws li acetylene, ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab kev sib tsoo yav dhau los. Qhov tsis muaj qhov pom kev cuam tshuam ua rau kev saib xyuas tsis yooj yim. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim qhov qis-voltage tiv thaiv thiab metering txoj kev sib txawv ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas thiab Tuam Tshoj, American prefabricated substations tsis inherently suav nrog qis-voltage tiv thaiv thiab metering. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hauv tsev, cov chaw tsim khoom hauv tsev ua ntej ua ntej ntxiv qhov qis-voltage faib txee rau qis-voltage sab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntev ntev ntawm lub hnub ci ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov cua sov ntawm cov MCCBs, tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov loads thiab luv luv -circuit tam sim no, uas yuav ua rau siab -voltage sab faults.